南京[nankin] Nanking
越南[betonamu] Vietnam
以南[inan] south of
華南[kanan] South China
指南[shinan] instruction

真南[maminami] due south
正南[seinan] due south
西南[seinan] south-west
西南西[seinansei] west-southwest
中南米[chuunanbei] Central and South America

参洛[sanraku] going to the capital
上洛[jouraku] proceeding to the capital
入洛[juraku] proceeding to Kyoto
洛中[rakuchuu] inside the capital
京洛[kyouraku] capital (esp. Kyoto)

洛内[rakunai] in Kyoto or the capital
洛外[rakugai] outside Kyoto or the capital
洛中洛外[rakuchuurakugai] in and around the city of Kyoto
洛陽の紙価を高める[rakuyounoshikawotakameru] to be highly-reputed and sell extremely well (of a printed literary work)
洛中洛外図[rakuchuurakugaizu] views in and around the city of Kyoto (paintings and drawings)